Causal Agent: 

Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.)

Characteristic Symptoms:
 

Presence of galls on roots of affected plants is the distinguishing symptom of root-knot disease.
   

Severely infected plants may show chlorosis of leaves and stunting. Wilting of plants sometimes occur.
   
Conditions for Disease Development
 
Light and sandy soil with an optimal soil temperature of 27°C favor root-knot nematode infection.
   
Management and Control:
 
Crop rotate with grain crops to reduce nematode population levels.
   
Biofumigate with brassicas such as mustard.
   
Apply nematicide such as carbosulfan (e.g. MarshallⓇ).
   

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