Causal Agent:
Oomycete (Pseudoperonospora cubensis)
| Characteristic Symptoms: | |
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Initial symptoms are semi-angular to irregular pale yellow spots on the upper leaf surface, which later turn brown or necrotic. |
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Under high relative humidity and cool conditions particularly in the early morning, sporulation appears as a fine, grayish to black molds on the undersides of the leaves. |
| Conditions for Disease Development: | |
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The pathogen is an obligate parasite and infects only cucurbits. |
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The disease occurs in temperate and tropical areas with either high or low rainfall as long as sufficient leaf wetness periods are provided, usually by dew. |
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Sources of primary inoculum are airborne sporangia from either nearby or very distant infected cucurbits. |
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Sporangia are spread within the field by air currents, rain splashes or by contact with workers or tools. |
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High humidity (100% for 6h) with moderate temperatures (15-30°C) favours sporangia production. |
| Management and Control: | |
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Maintain good field sanitation (i.e., remove and burn infected plants/plant parts as soon as initial symptoms are observed).
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Avoid prolonged moisture.
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Spray with chemical fungicides like mancozeb (e.g. Attain M-80Ⓡ, Achem Mancozeb 80 WPⓇ, Micron 80 WOⓇ, VanzebⓇ), metalaxyl+mancozeb (e.g. Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WGⓇ, Apron XL 350 ESⓇ), Pyraclostrobin (e.g. Cabrio 25 ECⓇ), or fosetyl aluminum (e.g. AlietteⓇ). |
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Use resistant/tolerant varieties, if available. |
| References: | |
| Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases (1996) by the American Phytopathological Society | |
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